One of the most fundamental concepts you'll need to understand in HTML is the use of links. Links are what make the web "web-like" – they allow users to navigate between pages and websites with ease.
In HTML, links are created using the anchor tag (<a>). Here's a basic example(W-1-1):
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| (W-1-1) |
- Let's break down this code. The <a> tag is used to create <a> link. The href attribute specifies the destination URL that the link should lead to. And the text between the opening and closing <a> tags is the visible text of the link.
You can also use relative URLs with the href attribute. For example, if you wanted to link to a page on your own website, you could use a relative URL like this:
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| (W-1-2) |
- In this case (W-1-2), the href attribute specifies the filename of the page you want to link to (in this case, "about.html").
You can also create links that open in a new tab or window, by adding the target attribute:
.png) |
| (W-1-3) |
- In this example, the target attribute is set to _blank, which tells the browser to open the link in a new tab or window((W-1-3)).
Finally, it's worth noting that links can also be used to create "anchor" points within a page. This is useful for creating a table of contents or linking to specific sections of a long page. Here's an example:
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- In this example, we've used the id attribute to create anchor points for each section of the page. Then, we've created links that use the anchor point as the href value, preceded by a (#) symbol. When the user clicks on one of these links, the browser will scroll to the corresponding section of the page.
Creating Email Links
You can also create links that allow users to send emails to a specific email address. This is done by using the mailto protocol in the href attribute, followed by the email address. For example:
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- In the above example it will open the user's default email client with the "To" field set to info@example.com.
Using Images as Links
In addition to using text as the visible part of a link, you can also use images. This is done by wrapping the img tag in an <a> tag. For example,
.png)
- The above example will create a link that displays the example.png image and leads to https://www.example.com.
Linking to Other Types of Files
In addition to linking to other HTML pages, you can also create links that lead to other types of files, such as PDFs, images, videos, and more. This is done by using the appropriate file extension in the href attribute. For example,
.png){kind=small}
- The above example will create a link that leads to the example.pdf file.
Conclusion
Links are a foundational concept in HTML, and they're essential for building effective and user-friendly websites. By mastering the basics of link creation and usage, you'll be well on your way to becoming an HTML expert! These are just a few of the more advanced features and attributes related to links in HTML. By mastering these techniques, you can create more dynamic and interactive web pages that provide a better user experience.
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